Read the article "Statistics in the courtroom", by George Cobb and Stephen Gehlbach.  You can access it on the course website:  http://www.stat.ucla.edu/~nchristo/statistics13/article.pdf


Questions:
1.  The authors on page 10 say that "The p-value turns out to be less than one in 100 million".  Give the formula that computes the exact probability.

2.  Use a simulated-based approach to test the hypothesis 
H0: p1-p2 = 0
Ha: p1-p2 < 0

Use alpha=0.05.

Submit the R code, the histogram of the simulated difference in the two sample proportions, and place on the histogram the difference from the actual data.